History and Rules Volleyball (Inventor, Size of Volleyball Field, Net, Ball | Position and Duties Player, Referees and Officials of Volleyballs)
Volleyball History
The game of volleyball is a team game big ball. The game is played on a field in the form rectangle. Each team or teams consisting of six players. team face separated by a net or nets. The game of volleyball was invented by William G. Morgan, year 1895. Morgan was a physical education adviser at Young Men Christian Association (YMCA) in the city Hoyoke, USA Union. This game has the initial goal to develop physical fitness.
The game of volleyball is a development of the game basketball. However, basketball is considered spent force large enough. In addition, the game of basketball just to do by the youth alone. Meanwhile, for parents ball game The basket is very tiring. One time, Morgan tried to create a game that lighter. For example, using a ball that size smaller than the size of a basketball. Finally, he found Such games, then called mintonette, meaning the ball reflective. 1896 mintonette name was replaced by Alfred T. Halstead with a name that means volley ball toss the ball. Once tested, the game turned out to be very popular with the public. Volleyball officially competed in the Olympics began in 1964 in Japan. On 1948 world volleyball governing body was formed based in Paris under the name of IVF (International Volleyball Federation).
When World War I, the allied forces disseminate this game into countries Europe and Asia, especially Japan, China, India, Philippines, France, Portugal, Russia, Estonia, Latvia, Republic, Romania, Yugoslavia and Germany.
Volleyball is a sport game played by two opposing groups. Each group had six players. There are also variations of the game of beach volleyball that each group has only two players. The purpose of this game so that each team missed the ball through the top of the net on a regular basis until the ball touches the floor at the opponent's area. The game of volleyball is calculated based on the value, namely 21 (game point) during the second set. If the draw plus a deciding set (rubber set). The ball is played with an open palm. Players can bounce, throw or hit the ball in the game field. Volleyball game is very interesting because it can be played by all ages and genders. This game requires skill to play, physical fitness, and strength endurance is high.
Volleyball Rule
Volleyball games game rules apply internationally. Wherever in the hemisphere this rule is no different. That is because predefined by pervolian institutions that are international. Rules that have been determined to be the reference standard. In addition to uniformity, no coercive regulations for order during the match. Here we will discuss some of the rules of the game of volleyball.
1. Number of players
Volleyball game played by two opposing teams. Each team consists of 6 people. The number of core players with reserve players a maximum of 10 people. This game consists of teams sons and daughter team. Every player in the squad has a different task. Consider the following picture.
Information:
1. Server, the player whose job is to serve at the same time roomy rear guard.
2.4. Smasher / spiker, namely striker.
3. Setter / tosser, namely players feeders.
5. Guard roomy rear left.
6. Libero, the defender who served in the back (not allowed to smash and servicing).
2. Size Of Volleyball Field
Fields volleyball games rectangular. The size of the field can be seen in the following figure.
1. Server, the player whose job is to serve at the same time roomy rear guard.
2.4. Smasher / spiker, namely striker.
3. Setter / tosser, namely players feeders.
5. Guard roomy rear left.
6. Libero, the defender who served in the back (not allowed to smash and servicing).
2. Size Of Volleyball Field
Fields volleyball games rectangular. The size of the field can be seen in the following figure.
Volleyball courts rectangular. The standard size of a football field Volleyball is:
Length = 18 meters.
Width = 9 meters.
Field line width = 5 centimeters.
Attack line distance from the center line = 3 meters.
Width = 9 meters.
Field line width = 5 centimeters.
Attack line distance from the center line = 3 meters.
a. Line 3 m
Line within 3 m of net serves as border attack (attack line). 3 m line dividing the field into two parts, namely the back row (back row) and the front row (front row). In each section is occupied by 6 players that form a pattern like Figure 1.3 at the time of service. Servis started by player 1. substitutions that do the servicing alternately clockwise (from player 1 to player 2 and so on).
Line within 3 m of net serves as border attack (attack line). 3 m line dividing the field into two parts, namely the back row (back row) and the front row (front row). In each section is occupied by 6 players that form a pattern like Figure 1.3 at the time of service. Servis started by player 1. substitutions that do the servicing alternately clockwise (from player 1 to player 2 and so on).
b. Free zone (free zone)
Free zone is the zone that surrounds the team area. In the free zone, players can freely enter the zone has a width of 3 m after one serving. Zones are used to attack this zone. The lines that limit the area of the team determine your entry and exit of the ball. When the ball fell touches the ball area of the team and the opposing team is declared entry scored. Conversely, if the ball falls outside the team area, and without touching the lines ball team then declared out.
3. The size of a volleyball net
Net used in a game of volleyball has a width of 1 m and a length of 9.50 m and mounted in the middle of the field. High net for the son of 2.43 m and 2.24 m for the daughter. Net mesh size of 10 cm2 and black. Net subsequently tied with a strong steel rope to the pole. On the net there are antenna. Antenna is a supple stick a length of 1.8 m and a diameter of 10 mm. Antenna is made of fiber glass. Antenna is a part of the net and the side boundaries ball trajectory. The height of each antenna at the top of the net is 80 cm.
Free zone is the zone that surrounds the team area. In the free zone, players can freely enter the zone has a width of 3 m after one serving. Zones are used to attack this zone. The lines that limit the area of the team determine your entry and exit of the ball. When the ball fell touches the ball area of the team and the opposing team is declared entry scored. Conversely, if the ball falls outside the team area, and without touching the lines ball team then declared out.
3. The size of a volleyball net
Net used in a game of volleyball has a width of 1 m and a length of 9.50 m and mounted in the middle of the field. High net for the son of 2.43 m and 2.24 m for the daughter. Net mesh size of 10 cm2 and black. Net subsequently tied with a strong steel rope to the pole. On the net there are antenna. Antenna is a supple stick a length of 1.8 m and a diameter of 10 mm. Antenna is made of fiber glass. Antenna is a part of the net and the side boundaries ball trajectory. The height of each antenna at the top of the net is 80 cm.
- Net length = 9.50 meter.
- Net width = 1 meter.
- High net son = 2.43 meters.
- High net princess = 2,24 meters.
4. Ball Size
Standard ball used in a game of volleyball made of leather, either genuine leather or synthetic leather. According to the international organization that houses sport is volleyball FIVB (Federation Internationale de Volleyball), the size of volleyball standards are:
- Roving ball = 63.5 to 68.6 centimeters.
- Weighing 200-280 grams = 800-900 grams.
- Circumference of a circle on the ball is 65-67 cm
- The ball pressure from 0.30 to 0.325 kg / cm2 (4.26 to 4.61 psi, 294.3 to 318.82 mbar or hPa).
5. Clothes and shoes
Clothes that are used are usually a little loose and can absorb sweat. Clothing that is composed of a T-shirt and shorts. Clothing should be comfortable when worn. In other words, can follow the movement of the player's body, not rigid. Shoes made of rubber to hold the balance. Shoes that are used are not slippery.
Clothes that are used are usually a little loose and can absorb sweat. Clothing that is composed of a T-shirt and shorts. Clothing should be comfortable when worn. In other words, can follow the movement of the player's body, not rigid. Shoes made of rubber to hold the balance. Shoes that are used are not slippery.
Regulation of the game
Match volleyball game must follow the rules that apply internationally. Here are some of the rules match volleyball games.
Match volleyball game must follow the rules that apply internationally. Here are some of the rules match volleyball games.
- The system uses round-robin matches which consist of 8 teams. The eight teams are divided into two groups so that each group consisted of four teams.
- Substitution core players and reserves are not restricted.
- The absence of postponement.
- Number of field players who play a minimum of 4 people. If it's less than that, is declared the loser.
- The match lasted three innings (the best of three).
- The system of calculation used was 25 rally point. In case of equal points (24-24), will be added 2 points. The team that winning is a team that has a difference of 2 points.
Position and Duties Volleyball Players
In a team player volleyball games are 6 position is an important player, is as follows.
1. Setter
Setter is the player in charge of organizing this form of attack. Setter also called tosser. A setter should be able to feed good ball to spiker. Thus, the speaker can do a good attack.
2. Libero
In Italian, libero means "free". Libero is a player who can replace the role of other players with no change in the position himself. In other words, a player who became libero libero will remain until the game is over. Libero main task is to accept the attacks (spike) of strikers the opposing team. Libero may not mensmash the ball to the opponent.
3. Blocker middle (middle blocker) or the center speaker (middle hitter)
The player's task is to resist the attacks of the opposing team as well as the attacker (speakers).
4. Spiker outside (outside hitter)
Spiker outside a striker charged with the spike from the left side of the field. Characteristic of this player is doing spike by taking the outside line prefix from the field.
5. Spiker right (right side hitter)
Spiker right is the player who served to make the spike from the right side of the field. Right speakers is almost equal to the outside speakers. Only differ in the placement position players only. The player most committed spike.
6. Defender
Defender is the last player to receive the attack of the opponent.
In a team player volleyball games are 6 position is an important player, is as follows.
1. Setter
Setter is the player in charge of organizing this form of attack. Setter also called tosser. A setter should be able to feed good ball to spiker. Thus, the speaker can do a good attack.
2. Libero
In Italian, libero means "free". Libero is a player who can replace the role of other players with no change in the position himself. In other words, a player who became libero libero will remain until the game is over. Libero main task is to accept the attacks (spike) of strikers the opposing team. Libero may not mensmash the ball to the opponent.
3. Blocker middle (middle blocker) or the center speaker (middle hitter)
The player's task is to resist the attacks of the opposing team as well as the attacker (speakers).
4. Spiker outside (outside hitter)
Spiker outside a striker charged with the spike from the left side of the field. Characteristic of this player is doing spike by taking the outside line prefix from the field.
5. Spiker right (right side hitter)
Spiker right is the player who served to make the spike from the right side of the field. Right speakers is almost equal to the outside speakers. Only differ in the placement position players only. The player most committed spike.
6. Defender
Defender is the last player to receive the attack of the opponent.
Referees and Officials in a volleyball game
1. The Main referee (referee)
The task of refereeing the first in a volleyball match are:
1. The Main referee (referee)
The task of refereeing the first in a volleyball match are:
- responsible for the smooth running of the game;
- balls blow the whistle at any time if needed to decide a mistake, for the penalty moved the service, or added value;
- has absolute power.
2. Second referee (umpire)
Referee II has the following tasks.
Referee II has the following tasks.
- I help referees;
- Every time out, the second referee should control the ball being played and give the report a couple of times a time-out per team;
- If I incompetent referee, umpire II could overtake referee I.
3. Scorekeeper (Scorer)
Scorekeeper in volleyball has the following tasks.
Scorekeeper in volleyball has the following tasks.
- In addition to recording the value also calculate the amount of time out on each team that competed,
- Recording and mastering the order of service of every team and record all the warning and what happened when the match takes place.
4. Lines man
Lines man has the following tasks.
Lines man has the following tasks.
- Keep an eye out entry of the ball to be reported to the referee I by using the code specified.
- In an important game should use four line judges are placed on each corner of the extension lines with a small flag.
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